Arch Intern Med -- Abstract: Patient Education to Prevent Falls Among Older Hospital Inpatients: A Randomized Controlled Trial, March 28, 2011, Haines et al. 171 (6): 516

Arch Intern Med. 2011;171(6):516-524. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2010.444

Background  Falls are a common adverse event during hospitalization of older adults, and few interventions have been shown to prevent them.

Methods  This study was a 3-group randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy of 2 forms of multimedia patient education compared with usual care for the prevention of in-hospital falls. Older hospital patients (n = 1206) admitted to a mixture of acute (orthopedic, respiratory, and medical) and subacute (geriatric and neurorehabilitation) hospital wards at 2 Australian hospitals were recruited between January 2008 and April 2009. The interventions were a multimedia patient education program based on the health-belief model combined with trained health professional follow-up (complete program), multi-media patient education materials alone (materials only), and usual care (control). Falls data were collected by blinded research assistants by reviewing hospital incident reports, hand searching medical records, and conducting weekly patient interviews.

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JAMA -- Abstract: Fall Prevention in Acute Care Hospitals: A Randomized Trial, November 3, 2010, Dykes et al. 304 (17): 1912

This Article  • Full text  • PDF  • eFigures  • Send to a friend  • Save in My Folder  • Save to citation manager  • Permissions  Citing Articles  • Citing articles on HighWire  • Contact me when this article is cited  Related Content  • Similar articles in JAMA  Topic Collections  • Aging/ Geriatrics  • Public Health  • Injury Prevention & Control  • Quality of Care  • Patient Safety/ Medical Error  • Randomized Controlled Trial  • Alert me on articles by topic  Social Bookmarking   What's this?

Fall Prevention in Acute Care Hospitals

A Randomized Trial

Patricia C. Dykes, RN, DNSc; Diane L. Carroll, RN, PhD, BC; Ann Hurley, RN, DNSc; Stuart Lipsitz, ScD; Angela Benoit, BComm; Frank Chang, MSE; Seth Meltzer; Ruslana Tsurikova, MSc, MA; Lyubov Zuyov, MA; Blackford Middleton, MD, MPH, MSc

JAMA. 2010;304(17):1912-1918. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1567

Context  Falls cause injury and death for persons of all ages, but risk of falls increases markedly with age. Hospitalization further increases risk, yet no evidence exists to support short-stay hospital-based fall prevention strategies to reduce patient falls.

Objective  To investigate whether a fall prevention tool kit (FPTK) using health information technology (HIT) decreases patient falls in hospitals.

Design, Setting, and Patients  Cluster randomized study conducted January 1, 2009, through June 30, 2009, comparing patient fall rates in 4 urban US hospitals in units that received usual care (4 units and 5104 patients) or the intervention (4 units and 5160 patients).

Intervention  The FPTK integrated existing communication and workflow patterns into the HIT application. Based on a valid fall risk assessment scale completed by a nurse, the FPTK software tailored fall prevention interventions to address patients' specific determinants of fall risk. The FPTK produced bed posters composed of brief text with an accompanying icon, patient education handouts, and plans of care, all communicating patient-specific alerts to key stakeholders.

Main Outcome Measures  The primary outcome was patient falls per 1000 patient-days adjusted for site and patient care unit. A secondary outcome was fall-related injuries.

Results  During the 6-month intervention period, the number of patients with falls differed between control (n = 87) and intervention (n = 67) units (P=.02). Site-adjusted fall rates were significantly higher in control units (4.18 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 3.45-5.06] per 1000 patient-days) than in intervention units (3.15 [95% CI, 2.54-3.90] per 1000 patient-days; P = .04). The FPTK was found to be particularly effective with patients aged 65 years or older (adjusted rate difference, 2.08 [95% CI, 0.61-3.56] per 1000 patient-days; P = .003). No significant effect was noted in fall-related injuries.

Conclusion  The use of a fall prevention tool kit in hospital units compared with usual care significantly reduced rate of falls.

Trial Registration  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00675935

Author Affiliations: Partners HealthCare System (Drs Dykes and Middleton, Ms Benoit, and Messrs Chang and Meltzer), Brigham and Women's Hospital (Drs Dykes, Hurley, Lipsitz, and Middleton, and Ms Tsurikova), Harvard Medical School (Drs Dykes, Lipsitz, and Middleton), and Massachusetts General Hospital (Dr Carroll and Ms Zuyov), Boston.

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THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES

Themes of Aging: Preserving Function, Improving Care
Winker
JAMA 2010;304:1954-1955.
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Falls, Slips, Personal Injury, Legal Nurse Consulting on: The Nurse Friendly

Falls, Slips, Personal Injury, Legal Nurse Consulting on: The Nurse Friendly:"The causes of falls are known as risk factors. Although no single risk factor causes all falls, the greater the number of risk factors to which an individual is exposed, the greater the probability of a fall and the more likely the results of the fall will threaten the person's independence."
http://www.legalnursingconsultant.org/legal.nurse.consultants.lnc/falls.htm

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